Tables, Figures, Schemes, etc.
Tables, figures, schemes, and other non-text items should be integrated into the text of your disquisition. Ideally, a non-text item should be inserted on the same page where the item is first referenced in the text, or as close as possible to the first in-text reference.
For information about how to format tables, figures, schemes, and non-text items, refer to the style manual for your disquisition.
- Citations – Academic honesty is essential in all disquisitions. If you use a table, figure, or non-text item that is not your original design, you must cite the original source of the item. You may use an in-text citation in the text of the title or caption of the item, or you may include the citation as a footnote under the item. Refer to the style manual of your discipline for more information about citations of non-text items.
If you have adapted the design of a figure or non-text item from another source’s original design, then you must include the citation of the original source in the title or caption of the image. You must also state that your figure or image has been adapted from the original source. - Font – The font must be same type as the rest of your disquisition.
In titles of tables, figures, schemes, etc., the font must be the same size and type as the rest of your disquisition. If the title for a non-text item is longer than one line, use single-spacing between the lines of the title.
Within tables, the font must be the same type as the rest of your disquisition. The size can be adjusted to fit the table in the page margins.
Within figures, schemes, and other non-text items, the font can be different than the rest of your disquisition. - Margins – Tables, figures, schemes, and non-text items must fit in the required 1-inch margins. Non-text items that are too wide to fit in the margins of the page in portrait orientation can be placed on their own page in landscape orientation. However, the page numbers must still appear in portrait orientation. (This requirement ensures that when your disquisition is printed, all of the page numbers will appear consistently and correctly.)
- Numbering – All tables, figures, schemes, and non-text items must be numbered sequentially based on the type of item (such as “Table 1” and “Figure 1”). For example, you can have a “Table 1” and a “Figure 1”, but you cannot have two tables named “Table 1”.
You can number the items sequentially according to the chapter in which they appear (such as 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and so on). Alternatively, you can number the items in the order that they appear, regardless of chapter or section (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on). - Spacing – Minimize the amount of blank space that appears before and after tables, figures, schemes, and other non-text elements. However, tables and figures and the titles for those items should be clearly distinguishable from the paragraph text.
You can insert tables, figures, schemes, and other non-text items at the top or bottom of a page, or into the natural break between paragraphs, so long as such actions minimize the amount of blank space in the disquisition. - Titles – All tables, figures, schemes, and non-text items must have a title and a number (such as “Figure 1”), and must be included in the appropriate lists in the prefatory material. For information about how to format titles for non-text items, including punctuation and location of titles, refer to the style manual of your discipline.
When the title for a table, figure, scheme, or other non-text item is longer than one line, you may use single-spacing between the lines of the title, unless otherwise directed by the style manual of your discipline.
Equations
When you use several equations in your disquisition, you might want to number the equations within the text. However, if you number one equation in the text, then you must number all of the equations that appear in the disquisition.
You can number the equations sequentially according to the chapter in which they appear (such as 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and so on), or you can number them in order of appearance, regardless of chapter or section (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on). However, you cannot have two equations labeled as “Equation 1”, for example.
To number an equation, include the equation number in parentheses and place it to the right of the equation.
For additional information about how to format equations, see Tables, Figures, Schemes, Etc..
If you use a large number of equations in your disquisition, you might want to include a List of Equations in the prefatory material. For information about how to format lists, see List of Tables, Figures, Schemes, Etc..
