There were a few early extractive industries of New Zealand. There were whaling stations along the shore of New Zealand coast. Men were dropped off for 2-3 years and would look for whales. The men would then hop on a whaleboat and harpoon the whales. They would when bring the whales back to shore and cut up the meat. Men would also be dropped off where seal colonies were typically located and would kill seals for about a year. Flax was the chief fiber for making garments. The flax would be woven with feathers to make warm clothes. Kauri pine is rapidly lumbered out now in New Zealand. New Zealand economy has a large emphasis on exports. In 1882, New Zealand had the first freezing works or refrigerated shipping. The two great exports known was meat and butter and after that wool. Some disadvantages to industry in New Zealand were it was not rich in raw materials and lacked a potent domestic market. Production of consumer goods was very low. Some economic comparisons of Australia and New Zealand are they are both small nations and are export orientated. They both had a failure of most enterprises except for pastoralism. There is a continuing importance of pastoralism in Australia and New Zealand. There are more than 100,000 pastoral leases in Australia today, many of which are crown land and are bigger than some U.S. states. Wheat in Australia is a growing industry because it is suitable to semiarid lands and it is imminently transportable as a very secure crop to send abroad. Australian mining consists of coal, gold, copper, opal, and sapphires. Australia and New Zealand are not like the U.S., they do not have greater proportion extractive, both are not mature economies, and have regional leadership.