Seminar Abstract
February 19, 2003:
"Multiscale Modeling in a Model
Bio-Nanocomposite System:
Nacre, the Inner Layer of Sea Shells"
Professor Kalpana Katti
Department of Civil Engineering and Construction
North Dakota State University
I will present a multiscale modeling approach used for predicting mechanical
responses of nacre-mother-of-pearl. Nacre is a laminated, segmented,
hybrid nanocomposite incorporating 10-20
nm-thick organic matrix film that surrounds 250 nm-thick aragonitic CaCO3 pseudo-hexagonal
platelets that are staggered across layers, a brick-mortar nanoarchitecture. Bulk mechanical
properties (strength, toughness, controlled failure) of nacre are orders of magnitude better than most
advanced ceramics and synthetic ceramic/polymer composites. Many mollusk species, e.g.,
cephalopods, bivalves, and gastropods, have nacre structure that has survived millions of years of
evolution. Our model incorporates details of nano- and micro-structural characteristics including
aragonite crystallography and morphology determined by TEM. TEM EELS results indicate
difference in electronic properties of geological aragonite and that found in nacre. As mechanical
parameters, we use local properties of the individual components, biogenic aragonite and the organic
matrix, measured by nanoindentation technique via an atomic force microscope. Using this finite
element analysis-based model, we can now predict bulk properties of nacre. For example, our
numerical simulations indicate that the organic layer, a molecular composite of polysaccharides and
proteins, is a material of high yield strength and elastic modulus, orders of magnitude higher than
those of synthetic polymers. Several details of nanoarchitecture, such as influence of
inorganic-inorganic nanosized contacts through the organic layer on bulk properties of nacre are
quantitatively related to response of nacre under loading. Our model may have significant
implications in biomimetic design of layered hybrid nanocomposites for practical engineering
applications as wear resistant, impact resistant, tough, and durable materials.
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