The Art Of Growing Bonsai

By:  Steven Zenker

Soil: Before a person even thinks about pruning or styling a bonsai tree there are a few things they need to know before they get started.  First they need to know what type of soil do the trees do best in.  Bonsai prefer course soil, and for this reason mountain granite is mainly used.  When potting them 4-8 mm of gravel should b placed at the bottom for drainage, and the main soil should be 80% granite soil.  A top dressing consisting of fine granite should be used as a final touch. 

Watering and Fertilizing:  During hot summer weather drying conditions may necessitate the need for watering every day, sometimes even twice a day.  The routine cooler spring - autumn conditions usually require a schedule of watering every other day, while winter time may require the bonsai to need water every third day.  All bonsai require some degree of fertilization to replenish their need for minerals which are constantly leeched out due to daily watering.  Several rape seed balls can be placed on top of the soil in the pot during the growing months between March and October.

Insect and Disease Control:  Pines are generally strong tolerant trees impervious to most pests and diseases.  But there are certain preventative measures that can help insure the health of bonsai.  At various times you can mix both insecticides and fungicides together to give you a broad spectrum of control.  At all times check for their compatibility, and above all, always read the labels of all pesticides and follow the manufacturers recommendations.     

 Styling:  During the months from November to January, the removal of old needles is suggested to enhance the formation of new buds.  This is also an ideal time to prune the unnecessary or dead branches, and apply wire for branch placement to maintain the shape and style you desire for your bonsai.

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